Politics Of The Earth Climate Change - 981 Words

We’ve covered a great deal of material so far dealing with environmental communication strategies, major influencers and overall public engagement. Value charts, theories, approaches, roles and tricky language are just a few of the topics we delved into in the first few weeks. The readings each discuss the major influencers of people’s opinions of the environment, be they political leanings, opinion leaders, linguistic maneuvers, location, or captivating imagery. Additionally, race, affiliations, socioeconomic status and more intersect into individuals’ understanding and response to climate change. The general consensus is that people’s social and political identities, almost more than anything else, determine what steps they take in preventing climate change. In every major discussion of the readings we raised the subject of politics regarding climate change. John Dryzek, professor at the University of Canberra, says in his book Politics of the Earth: â€Å"Discourses are bound up in political power.† We discussed how discourse about climate change is increasingly discursive, and that often the controversy stems from differences in values rather than disagreements about the science. One could argue that these opposing groups maintain their differences of opinion because they do not understand the science and are instead resorting to something they know how to talk about. Both Shi et al’s Knowledge as a driver of public perceptions about climate change reassessed revisits howShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Climate Change On Our Lives1037 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal climate change has been a highly debated topic for decades. Climate change is a change in usual weather patterns found globally or in certain regions. This could b e a change in a place’s normal temperature for its time or it could be how much rain a place gets in a year. Normally, climate change is considered normal on planet Earth. Things evolve and change all the time on our home, ever since it formed. Mother nature always goes through different phases. Our planet was a lot different millionsRead MorePolitics Is Blame For A Changing Climate1168 Words   |  5 Pages Politics is to Blame for a Changing Climate In the 1980’s, scientists discovered three important pieces of information that would shape American politics and the environment for years to come. The Earth was getting warmer, the warming was caused by human pollution to the air and sea, and future generations would suffer (Hansen). Few believed these environmentalists at first, but as science progressed, the signs that climate change was a real threat became more and more apparent. Today, the debateRead MoreThe Sanctity Of The Earth By Stephen Hawking Essay1633 Words   |  7 PagesSanctity of the Earth Stephen Hawking is one of the greatest minds in the world, and recently he has stated that human life on Earth has an expectancy of 1,000 more years. He gives many claims as to what contributes to this estimate, but one major factor is climate change. Our way of living has released a lot of carbon dioxide into the air. It pollutes our atmosphere and it warms up our environment. We have increased the temperature of this earth which in turn changes climate around the world, whichRead MoreGlobal Warming Is A Real Phenomenon1048 Words   |  5 PagesEarth is home to an abundance of complex and astonishing forms of life. It has played humanity’s mysterious home ever since the origin of our species. We are constantly learning more about our planet. However, in the last century, there has been a different trend taking place. 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The age in humans saying that the Earth is theirs instead of saying that we are just a part of this environment. There has been many definitions, different thoughts, and various implications to how this term should be viewed. With the readings from class and learning about the aspects that differ, I think that it should generally be used as a term or â€Å"slogan† for the drastic climate change that humans have created accumulated. The start of the AnthropoceneRead MoreGlobal Warming Is One Of The Most Important Issues Today s Society Essay1489 Words   |  6 Pagesof global warming. According to dictionary.com, global warming is an increase in the earth s average atmospheric temperature that causes analogous changes in climate and that may result from the greenhouse effect. I have read a tremendous amount of books and articles regarding global warming. What are the effects, main causes and how the world should stand and try to reduce what causes this massive climate change. I have interviewed Jehan Albasara, who is a student’s in Wayne State University. SheRead MoreThe Everglades And Global Warming1745 Words   |  7 Pagesincreasing global temperatures are causing a significant change and destruction of its iconic natural appearance. Besides the direct effects, global warming is exposing the Everglades to invasive species that is causing great imbalance. Methods McCarthy, T. (2015). Obama in the Everglades to raise alarm on climate change. Retrieved December 7, 2015 from: http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/apr/22/obama-in-the-everglades-to-raise-alarm-on-climate-change The Guardian News is the publisher of the articleRead MoreClimate Change Is A Change1482 Words   |  6 Pages Climate change is a change in global or regional climate patterns. Climate change is a topic that is brought up in many different genres of conversations. Whether it be brought up and discussed in politics, school, family, or friends, some people still limit using those words when in casual conversation. Some of those same people are the people who still deny that climate change is happening. Climate change affects every single one of us. It affects everyone who lives on this earth every day andRead More Global Warming and the Greenhouse Effect Essay example763 Words   |  4 PagesGlobal Warming and the Greenhouse Effect Human induced climate change resulting from an enhanced greenhouse effect is probably the greatest environmental threat facing the world today. Specifically, the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide may be classified as the primary culprit. As a result of greenhouse gases entering the upper levels of the earths atmosphere, it diminishes or breaks down the earths Ozone layer. With this loss of this protective blanket, harmful radioactive

Events Of 9 / 11 An Era Of New Terrorism - 893 Words

1. Introduction This essay will discuss whether or not the events of 9/11 presaged an era of ‘new terrorism’. The attacks created a change to the perceived level of vulnerability to terrorist attacks in North America given that 9/11 was the first time there was an act of terrorism on such a significant scale within the United States. While the evidence for both sides is very compelling it is difficult to label the era as â€Å"new† therefore the essay will conclude that the attacks lead to an evolution in terrorism and thus in the way Canada deals with terrorist threats. As a result of the 9/11 attacks Canada s counter-terrorism strategy was no longer considered to be sufficient to adequately manage the real or perceived risk of terrorism. This was of particular concern due to the threat of an insecure northern border that was perceived by the U.S. This caused Canada to significantly change its approach to terrorism related risk management. The essay will examine how the events of 9/11 have impacted Canada’s approach to terrorism related risk management. While Canada made many changes, the essay will examine this in terms of: the introduction of stronger anti-terrorism legislation, a fundamental reorganization of the federal bureaucracy and a move towards all hazards emergency management. In order to address the question the essay will first define the relative terms. The essay will then describe the case study that will be used to support some of theShow MoreRelatedTerrorism And Areas Of Global Terrorism1391 Words   |  6 Pagesthan a d ecade terrorism has been a growing concern in the news. One of the most notorious acts of terrorism was 9/11. The events and aftermath of 9/11 was a wakeup call for many Americans. Not only was it a wakeup call to the citizens but also businesses were affected by it. The following paper will investigate terrorism and areas of global strategy impacted by terrorism. The paper will also investigate efforts to curb terrorist threats against globalization. Introduction Terrorism and global businessRead MoreAnalysis Of David Rapoport s Theory Of The Waves Of Terrorism1744 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is the significance of 9/11? This essay will argue that the events of 9/11 and the Bush led war on terror that followed, are extremely significant as they have created a new pattern for the understanding of world politics. Within this new pattern, the twenty-first century has experienced a divide between western powers and their allies, and some Middle-Eastern states. The events of 9/11 directly threatened the U.S. supremacy, marking the first significant terrorist attack on U.S. soil. As wellRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article 15 Years After 9 / 11 1199 Words   |  5 PagesIn his article, â€Å"15 years after 9/11-have we said goodbye to carefree?†,† Paul Fadelli explains that society can never go back to being carefree due to the rise of terrorist attacks. Fadelli presents to middle aged folks who remember the 9/11 attacks, which shaped this society into a new era of occasional terrorist attacks. Fadelli believes that even though terrorist attacks are more prevalent in society, that society should n’t lose the act of being carefree. Fadelli’s purpose is to prove that thingsRead MoreThe Effect of Terrorism Because of Technology1366 Words   |  6 PagesTerrorism is the use of violence, usually against â€Å"non-combatants† , in order to try and achieve political change. Terrorism has been extremely influential in recent decades, stemming from the post World War Two era by exploiting the new advances in the changing world arena, which has triggered states to amend their political agendas to try and focus more attention on the matter of terrorism. Using the dimensions of the world arena and how these have evolved, it is clear that terrorism reflects theRead MoreFree Speech, First Amendment Rights And Terroristic Messages Essay1415 Words   |  6 Pagesdistribution of Terroristic Messages . Finally, This topic is up to date and is one of the hottest topics on political, social and even financial stage not only withing the US but worldwide, due to the Islamic terrorism spread. This topic is crucial to understand the basis of terrorism and related possible charges, for someone who is not aware of â€Å" Terroristic Messages charges. It may help to understand, that terroristic speech is not protected under the First Amendment, and in particularRead More9/11 Essay on law1587 Words   |  7 PagesThe events surrounding the September 11 attacks on the United States of America have often been shrouded in a cloud of controversy and mystery, with no one individual seemingly able to apprehend the â€Å"true† details of the terror attack. Many proposed theories have been brought forth, the most widely accepted being that of co-ordinated attacks by terrorist organisation â€Å"Al-Qaeda†. â€Å"9/11†, as the event is commonly known, is simply one of many global terrorism attacks that have seemingly consumed theRead MorePublic Perception Of Muslim Americans1213 Words   |  5 Pages(Title) 9/11 is known as one of the most tragic events in the history of the United States. Since World War II, America had proven its superiority and had become a progressive and powerful country. The occurrence of a terrorism group entering the country, breeching security and killing several thousands of Americans took a toll on almost everyone. Not only was the safety of the public questioned, the nation’s security legitimacy was as well. Since 9/11, many debates on American policy have beenRead More is the worlds future a promise or a threat? Essay640 Words   |  3 Pageslonger strictly the realm of independent inventors was guided and financed by companies searching for new products. At the same time, technology became a part of everyday life, made the world a smaller place, and became a more important force in shaping European and world events. People in the 1890’s held expectations for the future. In 1939, the World Fair, called â€Å"The World of Tomorrow† was held in New York City. Flashes of genius by inventors working on their own birthed most of the dazzling discoveriesRead MoreThe Testimony Of Cofer Black1273 Words   |  6 Pagesprevent the 9/11 attacks. His testimony, paired with both concurring and clashing views from the 9/11 Commission Report, gave a persuasive ‘defense’ of the intelligence community’s actions and capabilities before September 11, 2001. Three of Black s ‘agreements’ were particularly influential towards my understanding. First, Black presented a strong argument that the inefficiency of counterterrorism had much to do with pre-9/11 domestic priorities, which left those involved with fighting terrorism, includingRead MorePros and Cons on the Patriot Act Essay730 Words   |  3 PagesUSA Patriot Act This Act may be cited as the Uniting and Strengthening America Act by providing appropriate tools required to intercept and obstruct terrorism. President Bush signed the Patriot Act on October 29, 2001. It passed and with no debate voted on; many members of congress did not fully read the act. Due to the anthrax scare many Congressman did not have access to their offices. Attorney General John Ashcroft silenced any debate by warning that anyone who contested the Act would be

Implications of Phone Hacking Scandal Free Essays

Implications Of Phone Hacking For The Media, The Government And Other Businesses In The UK Phone Hacking – Background * Phone hacking is an on-going controversy surrounding New Corporation, it’s subsidiary News International and its newspaper, News of the World. * Phone hacking reportedly begun in 1998, with the first allegations been made in 2006, and the first major investigation in 2011. * Over 4000 potential victims, including members of the Royal Family, the family of murdered schoolgirl Milly Dowler, Gerry and Kate McCann as well as celebrities like Hugh Grant. We will write a custom essay sample on Implications of Phone Hacking Scandal or any similar topic only for you Order Now Implications – The Media * News of the World closed down in July 2011 ending its 150 year existence. * YouGov poll found that 58% of British people have lost trust in the papers since the scandal. * TV and Radio have benefitted from the lack of trust in newspapers. * Leveson inquiry is likely to lead to much tighter regulation, with potential new legislation to enforce stricter controls in the long run. Implications – The Government * Government involvement with the press heavily scrutinised, particularly Andy Coulson and Jeremy Hunt. David Cameron were required to handle the phone hacking scandal and thus commissioned Lord Justice Leveson to run an inquiry. * The Leveson report, released last week found the press and wreaked ‘havoc with the lives of innocent people’. * Lord Leveson’s recommendations were for the Parliament to set up a strong, independent press regulator, cross party talks are now taking place to agree on the best way to regulate the industry and ensure freedom of the press still exists. Implications – Other Business * Not as directly implicated as the Government or the media. * Changes in security as companies and individuals are now more aware of the threat posed by hackers. * The News of the World employees charged and arrested has highlighted the importance of morals in conducting business activities. * The phone hacking scandal along with the global financial crisis have highlighted the need for accountability and transparency in all undertakings Concluding Remarks In the short term the onus is on the Government and press to create a new regulatory framework, potentially involving new legislation whilst protecting the freedom of the press. In the longer term the main implications will be the change in the way the press operates and the step changes made by other businesses in light of recent controversies. Opportunity For Deloitte: By demonstrating strong governance, transparency, professionalism and accountability Deloitte will be able to market themselves more attractively to new and existing clients. How to cite Implications of Phone Hacking Scandal, Essay examples

Antisemitism in chaucer free essay sample

The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories by Geoffrey Chaucer, was written during the Middle Ages an unstable period in Western European history. The crises of the Late Middle Ages the Great Famine, the Black Death, the Hundred Years War, and the Peasants Revolt (Goldsmith 417) led to drastic societal change and social mobility. Chaucer creates controversial religious fgures such as the Summoner, Pardoner, Friar, Monk and Prioress as a commentary on, and means to demonstrate, the change and conflicts in English life, and specifically in the Church at that time. One of the most interesting portions of Chaucers The Canterbury Tales is the Prioresss Tale. The hypocrisy of this character and the blatant anti-Semitism apparent throughout her Tale are used by Chaucer to demonstrate his views on Englands social upheaval. However, although Chaucer was certainly influenced by the political events of this era, the anti-Semitism in the Prioresss Tale appears to be a tool that he uses to highlight the incongruity of the Prioresss behavior, and thereby provide a lesson to the readers, rather than a reflection of his personal view owards the Jews. The Prioress tells a tale of a seven-year-old Christian boy returning home from school through a Jewish ghetto in an Asian town. The childs journey through the ghetto is perceptibly troublesome as the Medieval stance towards Jews is oppressive. As the boy walks home singing Alma Redemptoris Mater, a Marian hymn, Satan says: O Hebraik peple, allas! Is this to yow a thing that is honest, that swich a boy shal walken as him lest in you despyt, and singe of swich sentence, which is agayn your laws reverence? (Chaucer line 73-77). Satan convinces the Jews to hunt this innocent out of this world (79) and the Jews of the ghetto hire a murderer to brutally kitte his throte, and in a pit him caste (84). However, as the childs mother searches for her son in the ghetto, the Jews deny knowledge of the childs location and are ultimately hanged. The anti-Semitism evident in the Tale stems from what Lawrence Besserman refers to as the popularly held Christian belief (67) of the blood libels or blood accusations the allegation that Jews murder non-Jews, especially Christians, in order to obtain blood for the Passover or other ituals which date back to the second century (Blood Libel 1120). Chaucer uses the Tale to reflect upon the blood libels that were ubiquitous during the Middle Ages, beginning with the first medieval blood libel of 1144. The obvious and abrasive relationship to the blood libel stories leads Besserman to deem the Prioresss Tale one of the most controversial pieces of religious fiction ever written (57). Albert B. Friedman argues, however, that the Tale is not actually a representation of the blood libels, for the Christian boy is not crucified ceremonially nor is he killed to provide lood for Passover bread, as the libels suggest. Rather, Friedman states, he is killed merely because the devil puts it into certain Jews hearts to resent the praise of the Virgin which he sings as he passes through the Jews street going to and from school (118). While Friedman states a valid point, the Tale still reads as a representation of a blood libel because at the end of the Tale, the Prioress links her martyr witn yonge Hugh ot Lincoln, slayn also witn cursed Jewes (Chaucer 197-198) an English boy whom Gillian Bennett recognizes as the subject of a medieval blood libel in 1255 (263-4). Although the phrase anti-Semitism was only coined in 1879, a phrase that came into general use as a term denoting all forms of hostility manifested toward the Jews throughout history (anti-Semitism 99), the concept and this form of prejudice has evidently been around for centuries. Jews appeared in Western Europe from the beginning of the Christian Era; until the Middle Ages no sign of singular animosity toward them was discernable (anti- Semitism 101). Prior to their expulsion from England, the Jews were granted religious freedom under the rule of Henry I and the chief Rabbi of London, Rabbi Joseph. However, shortly after Henrys reign, the Jews were faced with a time of insecurity and brutality. To demonstrate the blatant anti-Semitism during this period, Friedman states, for every religious who protected a Jew there were hundreds who directed the swords and fanned the fires of destruction (122). Friedman portrays the image of the medieval Church as sheltered [in] an extremely strong tradition of anti- Semitism for anti-Semitism was written into the Churchs services (122), consequently instilling the value of anti-Semitism in almost every Christian during his time. The First Crusade in 1096 triggered a stream of heavy violence against the Jews. The attacks on Jewish communities in France and Germany were so severe that Jewish women often opted to kill their own children rather than watch them get forced into conversion or brutally murdered. Furthermore, to make the Jews conspicuous, the Fourth Lateran Council required Jews to wear a distinguishing mark either a hat or a patch to halt any possible intimate relationships between Christians and Jews. This illiberal proscription eventually led to the widespread, anti- Semitic notion that Jews were physically different from all other humans, the belief that Jews had tails and horns obvious attributes of the devil (anti-Semitism 102). As anti-Semitism increased with the reign of Edward l, the Jews were expelled in 1290 (Zitter 278) under the Edict of Expulsion, under which all Jews were evicted from England until their return almost four hundred years later. Besserman accurately recognizes that there were no, or hardly any, Jews in England at the time Chaucer was writing The Canterbury Tales in the late 1380s (66). It therefore seems unlikely hat he would be openly anti-Semitic for any reason other than tradition. However, Friedman points out that one need not meet a Jew to be anti-Semitic. Both Emmy Stark Zitter and Besserman also acknowledge the hostile attitude towards the Jews in England. Zitter claims that not only were readers in the Middle Ages steeped in literary and religious tradition of anti-Semitism, but anti-Semitism was accepted as a given of the culture in which Chaucer lived as well (277). Therefore, Besserman adds, anti-Semitism must have been something which Chaucer as a man of his culture would have accepted without question (57). Friedman concludes that it is foolish to expect Chaucer in 1390 to show egregious charity toward the Jews when such broadmindedness was even impossible for Pascal 250 years later (120). The relevance of the anti-Semitism mentioned throughout the Tale must, therefore, be considered a product of its time; Chaucer writes of the anti-Semitism not to be outwardly anti-Semitic, but in part because it was simply the norm and unproblematic for him to do so. Furthermore, it may be argued that Chaucers anti- Semitic tone is meant to be innocuous to demonstrate the hypocrisy and irony ot the Prioress, and that by no means is it intended as an attack on the Jews of the Middle Ages. Zitter explains that the Jews were used solely as conventional figures (278); as anti-Semitism was accepted during this time, it allowed for Chaucer to use the Jews and the accompanying anti-Semitism simply as tools to enable the focus to be placed on the Prioress to highlight her mendacity. Friedman quotes E. T. Donaldson, who states, Chaucer, an intelligent man and great poet, is in no way limited, but rather it is the narrowly limited Prioress who can find no better way of expressing her eligion than this (120). Friedman then elaborates on this point by explaining if one is bent on removing the stain of anti-Semitism from Chaucer, the obvious strategy is to displace it onto the Prioress. The dramatic principle on which The Canterbury Tales is constructed conveniently sanctions this move, for since the poem is a dramatic action, the attitudes of the dramatis personae and the multiple auctorial personae cannot be automatically construed as Chaucers own (120). The reader should not assume that the anti-Semitism is Chaucers own belief. Rather, it is the orruption of the Church and the disorder of society at that time an underlying theme throughout The Canterbury Tales that allow for Chaucer to use an anti- Semitic lens to delineate the Prioresss hypocrisy. The Prioress, an ordained influential and seemingly pious Christian figure, strays from her traditional role as a nun. The General Prologue describes the various things the Prioress does to seem admirable and proper. Although she is said to be charitable, attractive, and have proper etiquette all positive attributes the Prioress is specifically described by uperficial displays of knowledge. In addition to recognizing her ability to speak French, Chaucer describes how the Prioress leet no morsel from hir lippes falle, ne wette hir fingres in hir sauce depe, acknowledging her pleasant table manners (General Prologue 127-8) irrelevant to her status as a nun. Additionally, she feeds her dog meat, uses foul language, and wears a brooch that reads Love Conquers All most likely referring to courtly love, a love of which a nun should not know. She is portrayed by her surfaced knowledge, rather than by her knowledge and activity of religious duties. As a devout Christian, the Prioress does honor Mary, a Jewish Israelite woman, yet she also participates in the medieval condemnation and hatred of the Jews. For this reason, Chaucer uses the Prioress as one example to demonstrate the corrupt Church during the Medieval Era. In contrast to all that was previously stated, several critics believe Chaucers controversial nature and use of anti-Semitism in his work was by all means intentional. Besserman suggests, our disparate ideological prejudices influence our critical practice once we have acknowledged that ideological commitments of one sort or another are always to ome extent part of the baggage we bring to our readings of works of literature, we can then decide to choose our ideological commitments, make them explicit, and perhaps even share them with an expanding community of like-minded readers (48). In essence, according to this line of thought, Chaucer made a decision to overtly bring in anti-Semitism, whether it was a cultural norm or not, and in doing so, he participated in the unmaking of the voice of the Jew (Besserman 58). Regardless of Chaucers intentions, whatever they may be, Besserman seems to suggest that the resence of the Tales anti-Semitism contributed to the detestation of the Jews and this may place Chaucer among the medieval anti-Semites. Another argument made by Besserman is that the Old Testament is full of loathing and many medieval Jewish writings openly express abomination for the foreigner and militancy against the enemy (61). Besserman expresses that Judaic culture has not been one free from violence, and therefore, it is not wholly unjust to assume that the Tale is accurate. However, in terms of The Prioresss Tale, this notion is negated, as Louise Fradenburg explains, by the fact that there is no evidence to suggest that Jews are engaged, in the Middle Ages in the kinds of ritual or secret violence attributed to them by stories ilk The Prioresss Tale (110-11). Additionally, Merrall Llewelyn Price argues that the Prioress serves as a framing device that has allowed some of Chaucers defenders to find enough authorial irony to clear him of charges of anti- Semitism (197). Price finds it almost coincidental that Chaucer is able to project his personal view of anti-Semitism on the Prioress. In conjunction with Prices ideology, erhaps Chaucer created religious figures that deviate from what was traditionally expected in order to demonstrate such bold opinions. According to Price, Chaucer is, in a sense, playing with ideas of narratorial responsibility and effectively disclaiming responsibility for [the Prioresss] entire narrative by shifting the responsibility onto the Prioress herself (205). Because the Jews were inevitably cast as the most insidious enemies of Christianity, Friedman believes, the Tale could not help but keep alive the hatred of Jews (127). Zitter begs the question: if Chaucer was nly drawing upon the popular medieval conception of Jews in his tale, is the reader meant to see the Prioress as an ideal nun or is the Prioress a rather imperfect nun telling a perfectly acceptable tale (278)? Zitter ultimately responds to this complexity by stating that the Prioresss treatment of the Jews still adjudges her to be undoubtedly guilty as seen through medieval eyes and on her unchristian demand for adherence to the law (278). Whether anti-Semitism was a cultural norm and accepted during the Medieval Era or not, a nun is meant to be pious and loving. Therefore, Besserman concludes, Chaucer was out to problematize an affirmative reading of the Prioresss piety (66). The anti-Semitism emphasizes the Prioresss hypocrisy. What is most complicated about this Tale is that the modern reader will view it through a post-Holocaust lens, automatically grasping and recognizing a harsh anti-Semitic tone. The Tale is certainly, as Friedman states, what seems to modern eyes a terrible prejudice as we are now fully aware and conscious of its anti-Semitism (119). However, a reader in the time of Chaucer or even pre- Holocaust and pre-anti-semitism days would be most likely to believe that the egative sentiment towards the Jews was simply of medieval nature and was not necessarily intended as a form of prejudice.